Structure of acceptable types of articles

Research Papers (Research / Original papers)

These types of articles should include a new topic or have a new perspective on a subject. The most important feature of these articles is originality and innovation.

Structure and content of these articles:

- Abstract: A description of the subject under consideration; Mentioning questions and hypotheses; Research Methods; Summary of basic research findings and expression of results.

- Keywords 

- Introduction: This section is a background to justify the importance and necessity of the issue. Expansion of problem statement and goals is also done in this section. The introduction shows what awaits the reader in the future.

- Literature review (Research background): In this section, an overview of the most important studies that have been presented so far should be stated and finally the originality of the article should be emphasized. This section should reflect the purpose of the article and the relationship between the reviewed works and The article should be clear, in fact, the background shows the extent of the author's aristocracy to the subject under study, and it is better to write with a critical view.

- Question (s) or Hypothesis (s):

Each question must:

1. Be exploratory and not self-evident. That is, the question is the result of the problem, not the questions whose answers can be traced in previous research.

2. Be a simple question sentence; But the answer to the question should not be yes or no. In fact, the beginning of the question with "Is" is not scientific.

3. Ask questions about only one topic.

4. Be clear.

Any hypothesis:

1. Is the possible answer to the research question: It is a Declarative Sentence.

2. Should be obtained on the basis of a preliminary scientific study.

3. Should be simple and testable.

- Research method: shows how research is done and what methods have been used to achieve the result.

- Research body / article: This section includes theoretical foundations, results and discussion that follow a logical order and course.

1. Theoretical foundations: Theories and scientific models that the researcher chooses as the cornerstone of his research in order to be able to explain the results of his research in line whit the test of his desired theory or model.

2. Discussion and Analysis: It is a summary, interpretation and discussion about the results of the research and compares the results of the present research with those of previous researches (the findings can be expressed in this section as well).

3. Achievements and Findings: Reports findings and analyzes them.

- Conclusion: In this section, the overall result of the research is presented through answering the research questions and the hypothesis is rejected or confirmed, and the ground for future research is determined. In conclusion, citation to the source is not allowed and should be completely author / authors analysis.

- Reference list: Bibliographic specifications of all sources used in the article (Persian and English) should be set in full and according to the format of the journal in this section. Avoid presenting sources that are not mentioned in the text.

 

Review Articles (articlesReview)
 Characteristics: This type of article should be a review, comparison and analysis of the literature on a specific topic with an emphasis on an subject, which helps to identify relationships, contradictions and inconsistencies (in that topic) and shows the current situation and research progress in clarifying that subject. These types of articles emphasize an issue in the literature on the subject and previous findings and require the researcher to have sufficient mastery of the background of the subject. The purpose of writing a review article is not only to inform and gather material, but also to evaluate and interpret, and should include the author's opinion on the subject. Obviously, articles that merely collect and replicate others are not considered reviews.

 The category of review articles is as follows:
1. Systematic review: A codified or systematic review is a scientific review of existing research and is written using a specific, systematic, clear, and categorized method. The purpose of a codified review is to provide a clear answer to a scientific question; That is, in this type of review, the question is defined and specific. To achieve this goal, efforts are made to identify all existing research on the subject of the question and evaluate it in terms of methodological quality and based on standard methods. The findings of plausible research are then summarized, the final result extracted, and summarized for the readers.
2. Meta-analysis: is a subset of systematic studies and is the use of special statistical methods to summarize the results of independent studies to find the most accurate form of relationship between the variables under study. To write a meta-analysis article, at least six steps are required: precise definition of the question, initial selection of articles in the form of an initial structured review, review of scientific validity of articles, information extraction, statistical analysis and presentation, and interpretation, discussion and results.
3. Narrative review: Narrative review will be valuable in cases where little evidence or data is available. In this type of review, the question has a wide range. Data extraction has no specific method and is merely the study of an article and inquiry (by measuring based on known and common scientific criteria, the possibility of error and distortion in this type of articles is high). A systematic review answers preconceived questions, but a narrative review addresses a wide range of points related to a topic. It should be noted that this type of review articles should not be collected in any way.

 Different sections of a review article:
 - Abstract: Abstract included
1. A description of the issue under consideration;
2. Research method (how to select articles and how to find them, their number, etc.)
3. Summary of basic research findings;
4. Results.
 - Keywords

- Introduction: This section is a background to justify the importance and necessity of the issue. The introduction of the review article should have the following sections in order:
 A brief description of the subject under study;
 Importance and necessity of the subject;
 A summary of the classification pattern presented in this article.

 Question (s) and Hypothesis (Hypotheses): The question or hypothesis of a review article should be the result of a careful study of previous articles and examine the gap in them.

- Research method: In the research method, the type of review article, explaining how to select articles, how to search them, the number of articles used and how to analyze them based on the type of review article should be fully described.

 - Research body / article: This section includes theoretical foundations, analysis, and achievements and findings that follow a logical order and course.
1. Theoretical foundations: In this type of articles, theoretical foundations include reviewing and describing the findings and achievements of previous research based on a specific logic. The theoretical foundations in review articles are the same as the research background in research articles, but much more comprehensive and detailed.
2. Discussion and Analysis: It is a summary, interpretation and discussion about the results of the research and compares the results of the present research with the results of previous researches (the findings can be expressed in this section as well).
3. Achievements and Findings: Reports findings and analyzes them.
- Conclusion: It is the overall result of the research and the answer to the research questions and determines the ground for future research. The results in this type of articles should not be brief and a qualitative result should be obtained from the quantitative results. In conclusion, citation to the source is not allowed and should be completely author / authors analysis.
- Reference list: Bibliographic specifications of all sources used in the article (Persian and English) should be fully compiled according to the format of the journal in this section. Avoid presenting sources that are not mentioned in the text.